Importance Of Intrinsic Motivation Research Articles

Trajectories of socio-ecological systems: A case study in the tropical Andes.

Scenario and policy assessments in socioeconomic and environmental studies face significant challenges in socio-ecological systems (SES). There are a limited number of studies that have looked at the impact of different scenarios within integrated approaches, and many have used a static approach with a single driver of change. The present work analyzes the SES dynamics for a strategic basin in the Colombian Andes when implementing and analyzing scenarios and policies related to land cover and land use change using a system dynamics simulation model. The model includes natural, ecosystem services, sociocultural, and economic components. Scenarios and policy options are analyzed both individually and jointly to identify synergies or trade-off effects between the different SES components. The results showed the different trajectories of the socio-ecological system according to the cases studied, and its impact on different variables in the analyzed components. Some counterintuitive effects were also identified, such as the importance of intrinsic motivations in decision-making processes, and determinants in land management and policy design.

Exploring the facilitators and barriers in opioid deprescribing for non-cancer pain treatment experienced by general practitioners: A qualitative study.

Guidelines recommend opioid deprescribing in patients on long-term opioid treatment for chronic non-cancer pain. This study aims to explore facilitators and barriers in opioid deprescribing among general practitioners in the Netherlands. In addition, this study aims to identify possibilities for improvement regarding opioid deprescribing in primary care. Focus group discussions with Dutch General practitioners were held by two skilled moderators. The focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed using MAXQDA software. Three independent reviewers searched for overarching themes using thematic analysis with an inductive approach. Discussions were organized until data saturation was reached. Twenty-two general practitioners participated in four focus group discussions. Five main themes emerged from the data: (1) patient-centred care; (2) ensuring proper pain management (3) dilemmas and hardships in dealing with opioid use disorder; (4) the competency gap; (5) needs and possibilities to improve opioid deprescribing in primary care. The first theme addresses the main facilitators in opioid tapering. The following three themes emerged as main barriers in opioid deprescribing. The fifth theme identified possibilities for change. This study indicates the importance of intrinsic motivation and a tailored approach to deprescribe opioids in patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid treatment. Identified barriers include struggles in pain management, challenges caused by opioid use disorder, insufficient capacities such as time constraints and lack of skills. Recommendations for improvement involve enhanced collaboration with healthcare professionals in primary and secondary care, provision of practical tools and assurance of sufficient time. This focus group study among 22 Dutch general practitioners elucidates the complexities of opioid deprescribing and reveals pivotal themes such as patient-centred care, pain management challenges, and competency gaps. The findings underscore the crucial role of intrinsic motivation and that of a tailored approach in opioid deprescribing, while demonstrating how a lack in effective pain treatments, practical capacities and challenges caused by opioid dependence, impede opioid deprescribing. By uncovering these complexities, this study aims to inform future deprescribing strategies.

Psychosocial factors of physical activity among people with disabilities: Prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to (a) explore the associations between psychosocial factors and physical activity behavior in people with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases, both between and within persons over time; and (b) examine whether these associations differ for people initiating and people maintaining physical activity behavior. Data of 1,256 adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases enrolled in the prospective cohort study Rehabilitation, Sports, and Active lifestyle (ReSpAct) were analyzed. Self-reported physical activity and four main psychosocial factors (i.e., self-efficacy, attitude, motivation, social support) were measured with questionnaires 3-6 weeks before discharge (T0) and 14 (T1), 33 (T2), and 52 (T3) weeks after discharge from rehabilitation. Hybrid multilevel regression models (corrected for age, sex, education level, diagnosis, counseling support) were used. Multivariable significant between-subject associations were found for self-efficacy (std β = .094; 95% CI [0.035, 0.153]) and intrinsic motivation (std β = .114; [0.036, 0.192]). Multivariable significant within-subject associations were found for identified regulation (std β = -.038; [-0.072, -0.005]) and intrinsic motivation (std β = .049; [0.016, 0.082]). Effect modification of initiating or maintaining physical activity was found for the between-subject association of attitude (p = .035). No significant associations were found for social support, amotivation, external regulation, and introjected regulation. This study is the first that explored the between- and within-subject associations between psychosocial factors and physical activity over time in a large cohort of adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases. The findings indicate the importance of intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, and self-efficacy in initiating and maintaining physical activity behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Relationship between intrinsic motivation and gender in the context of x and y leadership styles in the macedonian electrical appliances sector

Leadership is one of the most researched topics in the contemporary business organisations. Over the decades, leadership and various leadership styles have proven to be key to successful organisations. As the world is currently experiencing many transformations and new generations of employees take over, the leadership styles evolve and leaders seek for new approaches to motivate and inspire employees in achieving growth both on individual and organisational level. Accordingly, this paper explores two distinctive leadership styles, more specifically, democratic or transformational and autocratic or transactional. The research is based on the McGregors’Theory X and Theory Y of leadership. As such, X Theory argues that employees avoid tasks and responsibility, desire to be controlled and lack ambition, while Y Theory assumes that employees are creative and positive about their work, and take actions to accomplish the organisational goals. Furthermore, the paper builds upon the theoretical concept of the previous research body on leadership styles and the importance of intrinsic motivation. The concept of intrinsic motivation is further enriched with the gender perspective. The analysis anticipates quantitative research based on a previously validated instrument that was implemented among 187 employees in the biggest Macedonian electrical appliances retail company. Findings suggest that there is positive relationship between Y leadership styles and intrinsic motivation. In addition, it was identified the both male and female demonstrate similar behavior relative to Intrinsic motivation. This research endeavour, shall contribute towards understanding the current practices and desired leadership styles in a dynamic organizational setting that seeks physical interaction with the customers in a highly competitive setting such as the electric appliances retail industry in the Republic of North Macedonia. It offers grounds for further research to overcome the limitations of this paper such as the sample size, male gender prevalence and generalisation for retail industry of electrical appliances as a whole given the administration of the instrument in a single company.

How does cognitive detachment from work influence employee creativity? A curvilinear relationship based on the cognitive perspective

During the corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, employees have begun to lack a sense of cognitive detachment from their work. Furthermore, employees with high creativity are better able to help their organizations to survive the economic decline caused by this pandemic. However, scholars currently know relatively little about how and why cognitive detachment influences employee creativity. Leveraging boundary theory and a dual pathway to creativity model (DPCM), the present study hypothesized that cognitive detachment from work will influence employee creativity in an inverse U‐shaped pattern, with cognitive flexibility as a mediator and the boundary condition of intrinsic motivation for creativity being included. Our results, which were gained from a sample of 304 research and development (R&D) employees, indicate that employees' cognitive detachment from work and their degree of creativity possess a curvilinear relationship and that cognitive flexibility is a likely mediator between them. Notably, this inverse U‐shaped relationship is significant only if the employees have high intrinsic motivation for creativity. This study uncovers the complicated influence of cognitive detachment from work on individual creativity, while also investigating the underlying cognitive processes (i.e., cognitive flexibility) involved and the importance of intrinsic motivation.

What processes do academics undertake in an international teaching experience that reveal their cultural intelligence?

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to understand the processes undertaken by accounting academics during an international teaching experience that reveal their cultural intelligence (CQ) levels. We employ an ethnographic approach with confirmatory data collection involving five triangulated sources. Our findings indicate supportive and culturally sensitive strategies, active participation in the host environment, the importance of intrinsic motivation, and the ability to appropriately adjust behaviour are associated with higher levels of CQ. Furthermore, the ability to engage local actors and embrace local culture and people were found to be important capabilities of academics who possessed higher levels of CQ.

The Congruency between Motivation and Job Satisfaction in the Context of an Organizational Environment

The professional competence of employees within an organization plays a major role in overall performance. Job satisfaction and motivation are critical conditions for the effective application of skills and knowledge. The degree of job satisfaction, as well as motivation, can have a substantial impact on the behavior of an individual. There might be a correlation between higher levels of dedication or stimulation with higher performance. It is indeed a challenge for any organization to increase job satisfaction through motivation. This study investigates the conceptual outlook relating the two important issues in strategic human resources management, i.e. motivation and job satisfaction. The helix application has been used for conducting surveys. The results of the study show that the importance of intrinsic motivation is particularly significant in a relationship between job satisfaction and motivation.

The predictive role of life goals and self determination traits on academic performance in a Romanian STEMM and non-STEM undergraduate cohort

Based on self-determination theory (SDT) and the importance of intrinsic motivation and self-determination in academic performance we investigated the predictive role of intrinsic and extrinsic life goals (aspirations) and self-determination traits (perceived control, self-awareness) in undergraduate academic performance. We analyzed the predictive role of the above in STEMM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine), respectively non-STEMM/ non-STEM (Humanities, Arts, Literature, and Management) fields of study, taking into account the literature which indicates the differing demands of each field.

Money, morale, and motivation: a study of the Output-Based Research Support Scheme in University College Dublin

Abstract Adapted from the Norwegian model, University College Dublin has implemented the Output-Based Research Support Scheme (OBRSS) to stimulate research performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand the perception of the OBRSS after two years of implementation, its implications on research and publication practices, and the responses to monetary reward as an incentive. This study shows that the effects of the OBRSS on publication practices are intertwined with intrinsic and instrumental values. More importantly and unexpectedly, the study reveals the norms and values concerning academic integrity and research culture, the importance of intrinsic motivation in research and scholarship, as well as morale issues in academic work environment. The findings are consistent with studies of self-determination theory that an incentive scheme can be highly effective if it conveys clear goals and values with a vision of enhanced intrinsic motivation; however, a scheme can be demoralizing when it is perceived as a controlling mechanism.

Challenges to Overcome and Scaffolding to Build on

While current research on the flipped classroom generally focuses on test results and (or) student/teacher perceptions as a measurement of its pedagogical efficacy, students' adaptation to it and the essential conditions for its application are rarely explored. This exploratory case study aims to rectify this by examining how university students adapted to flipped classrooms implemented in a public university in East China. The findings suggest that while the flipped model is impeded by entrenched polarity between students in terms of their learning dispositions and academic competence, students do develop a prototype of theories of learning, a sense of better self through learning from their peers and an awareness of the importance of intrinsic motivation. A gradualist approach is thus proposed for implementing flipped classrooms, which requires longitudinal studies accordingly to understand its long-term effects on learning behavior hitherto left unexplored.

Analyzing the Association of Intrinsic Factors of Motivation and Academic Performance of Teachers

Objective: Given the importance of intrinsic motivation factors of teachers, the objective of this paper is to define how far these intrinsic factors are associated with academic performance. The purpose is to find out the significance of intrinsic factors of teachers in their performance outcomes and to examine “In any manner is it contributing towards fulfillment of the objective of quality education? Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper has a two part structure. The first part establishes the research theme with the help of qualitative literature. The second part fulfills the research objectives by utilizing statistical tools: Chi square test and Somers' D test. Findings: The findings of the research clearly indicate that intrinsic motivation factors of teachers have an association with their academic performance. As per the results, among the three selected intrinsic motivation factors, creativity and self-efficacy factors have stronger association with performance as compared to personal vision factor of motivation. Research limitations: In this research work, it is assumed that the external work environment is same as respondents are selected from different institutes of the same university but within the university there is a possibility of micro level dissimilarities. Another limitation is the possibility of biased responses of respondents. Implications: The results focus on the importance of intrinsic motivation and suggest that the educational institutions should develop supportive environment in which teachers can utilize their inner attributes and contribute in the growth of quality education. Originality/value: The research paper helps to the teachers, students and academic institutions by providing them a better understanding of intrinsic factors of motivation and academic performance as well as its significance in the development of quality education.

Why Not “Just for the Money”? An Experimental Vignette Study of the Cognitive Price Effects and Crowding Effects of Performance-Related Pay

ABSTRACTMotivation crowding theory (MCT) argues that performance-related pay (PRP) can crowd out intrinsic motivation, with detrimental consequences for employees’ willingness to exert effort, but this mechanism is only expected when PRP is perceived to be controlling. However, the issue of whether the mechanism is motivational, as expected, has not been tested. This article finds support for such expectations using a vignette survey experimental setup of 1,150 responses (from 384 respondents). The results indicate that PRP positively affects organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), but that the effect is reduced significantly when PRP is perceived as a control factor, because the importance of intrinsic motivation for effort is weakened. Thus, PRP can cause a cognitive shift from intrinsic to extrinsic orientation, but only if PRP is perceived as controlling. When PRP is perceived as noncontrolling, the importance of intrinsic motivation can actually increase. The findings imply that PRP is not necessarily harmful, and that managers should pay close attention to how their employees perceive performance-based pay systems.

Corporate Sustainable Innovation and Employee Behavior

Corporate sustainable innovation is a major driver of institutional change, and its success can be largely attributed to employees. While some scholars have described the importance of intrinsic motivations and flexibility to facilitate innovation, others have argued that constraints and extrinsic motivations stimulate innovation. In the context of sustainable innovation, we explore which employee work practices are more conducive to firm-level innovation in corporate sustainability. Our results, based on a sample of 4640 French employees from 1764 firms, confirm the positive impact of intrinsic motivations (through employee social interactions), and the negative impact of job strain (through high imposed work pace), on corporate sustainable innovation. We also find that extrinsic rewards, through pay satisfaction, counteract the negative effect of job strain to promote sustainable innovation. This indicates that intrinsic and extrinsic rewards can work in tandem to facilitate sustainable innovation.

Knowledge Sharing Attitude of Library Professionals: A Survey

The purpose of this study is to understand the attitude of library professionals to share knowledge and identify barriers that hinder knowledge sharing among them in Aligarh Muslim University (AMU). Quantitative research method was used for the study. Using stratified random sampling technique, 100 library professionals working in Maulana Azad Library and other departmental libraries of AMU were selected as a sample population. For the collection of data, a questionnaire was designed and administered to the library professionals up to the level of Semi-Professional Assistants. Out of 100 distributed questionnaires, 60 duly filled questionnaires were returned back and retained for analysis. Most of the findings of the study supported the literature reviewed and shows that library professionals have positive attitudes towards knowledge sharing, and they share knowledge for finding solution to the job-related problem and improvement in the job performance. Library professionals mostly use information technology–based tools such as e-mail, mobile/telephone, social media (Facebook), blogs and others for sharing of knowledge with colleagues. They acknowledged the importance of intrinsic motivation in knowledge sharing rather extrinsic motivation. Lack of communication, lack of time and training, political and cultural reasons are perceived as the major barriers to knowledge sharing in libraries by library professionals.

The value and importance of intrinsic motivation over extrinsic motivation in companies

Motivation is the interest and desire for an individual to perform a task. For any company to succeed, the prime driving force is its employees. The concept of motivation has become more important and valued than ever before with the modern economy and heavy competition between companies leading to exhausting employees very often. Every company has extrinsic motivation in the form of financial rewards, bonuses and other fringe benefits for an employer to keep an employee motivated, but the authors in this paper argue with empirical backing that intrinsic motivation is more valuable for employees in the organisation though the presence of extrinsic motivation is not ruled out completely.

Property rights and efficiency in the care sector. Evidence from Italy

In this paper, we examine the main empirical contributions pertaining to the relationships between productive efficiency and proprietary forms in the care sector. International evidence indicates that non-profit organisations (NPOs) are likely to be less cost-efficient but more attentive to service quality. According to evidence from Italy, however, NPOs are as efficient as other organisations. Moreover, the efficiency of NPOs is positively related to the production of relational goods, highlighting the importance of intrinsic motivation. Finally, we discuss how our survey can contribute to future research and to policy debate on the provision of care services.

What is an effective learner? A comparison of further education students’ views with a theoretical construction of effective learners

Following an investigation of students’ views of one further education college’s teaching and learning model (McQueen and Webber 2009), a second project, reported here, sought to review students’ ideas about what constitutes an effective learner. For this project a set of 36 statements was constructed based on theoretical models and research about effective learning. A total of 102 further education (FE) students aged 16–21, drawn from both vocational and academic courses, contributed to focus group discussions about their definitions of an effective learner, whether their views have changed since school and who, if anyone, helps people to become effective learners. They then individually rated the statements for both importance and the extent to which each element described them as learners. In general, what was considered important correlated with self-descriptions of students (p = 0.01). However, there were some exceptions. For example, statements in the category of self-management and regulation were given higher ratings for importance than for ‘like me’. Females believed ability is fixed, and valued collaboration significantly more than males. Overall the statements were found to match many of the points raised by the students in their focus groups. Two further items were referred to: these were the importance of intrinsic motivation and positive teacher–student and peer relationships. The latter was discussed in the vocational groups; those on academic courses were more critical of being ‘spoon-fed’ information to pass exams. Engaging students in discussion about learning is suggested as a useful meta-cognitive strategy to develop characteristics of effective learners.

Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations to innovate: tracing the motivation of ‘grassroot’ innovators in India

Extrinsic motivations like intellectual property protections and fiscal incentives continue to occupy the centre stage in debates on innovation policies. Joseph Schumpeter had, however, argued that the motive to accumulate private property can only explain part of innovative activities. In his view, “the joy of creating, of getting things done” associated with the behavioural traits that “seek out difficulties…and takes delight in ventures” stand out as the most independent factor of behaviour in explaining innovation and economic development, especially in early capitalist societies. Taking the case of ‘grassroot’ innovators in India, we re-examine the motivations behind innovative behaviour. Drawing upon the theory of effectance motivation we construct operational indicators of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations to innovate. Interestingly, we find that pure extrinsic forms of motivation drive only a fraction of individual innovative behaviour. A large amount of innovative behaviour is motivated either by intrinsic motivations or by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Also, conceptualising innovation as a three stage process involving idea generation, experimentation and application, we find evidence of motivation-shifts. The importance of intrinsic motivation is comparatively greater during the early stage, when uncertainty about innovation is high. The importance of extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, increases when innovation is complete, awaiting application. We then outline a few implications of these findings for policy making.

Girls' Soccer Performance and Motivation: Games vs Technique Approach

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Technique and Games approaches on girls' soccer performance and motivation. The Technique approach focuses on technique instruction using drills, whereas the Games approach places emphasis on tactic instruction with modified games. 37 girls, 12 to 13 years old, were taught 15 soccer lessons by the Technique approach and 35 girls by the Games approach. At the beginning and at the end of the research soccer matches were videotaped and evaluated by Oslin, Mitchell, and Griffin's Game Performance Assessment Instrument. Girls' motivation was assessed on the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. The Games group had significantly better scores after training on tactical behaviour and intrinsic motivation than the Technique group. There were no significant differences in skill execution between groups trained under the two approaches. Considering the importance of intrinsic motivation for a lifelong, physically active lifestyle, researchers could focus study on the approaches and girls' motivation.

Relationship Between Children's Social Competence, Learning Motivation and School Achievement

The influences of the social environment and affective factors on academic achievement were identified as early as the 1970s. This line of research continued in the following decades, but the relationship between social competence and academic achievement remained a neglected issue. The aim of the empirical research presented in this paper was to define those components of social competence that influence learning motivation and academic achievement. The following components of social competence were selected for analysis: dynamism, dominance, cooperativeness, politeness, scrupulousness, perseverance, emotional control, impulse control, openness, external-internal control attitude and attachments. Four questionnaires were administered to a sample of 6th and 10th grade students (altogether 438 subjects). The results show that the assessed social factors are not affected considerably by age. The correlation analyses reveal the importance of intrinsic motivation within learning motivation, manifested in its strong relationship to the variables representing the social factors of personality except for emotional stability. The results of the regression analysis indicate that friendliness and openness have the largest impact on each other among social factors extraversion. The results show that conscientiousness, openness and academic self-concept explains most of the variance in intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation seems to exert considerable effect on these three variables.